Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is a presidential federal republic located in South America, formed by the union of 26 federal states, divided into 5,565 municipalities, and a federal district. It is bordered on the north by Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and with the overseas department of French Guiana, south to Uruguay, the southwest by Argentina and Paraguay to the west by Bolivia and Peru and Finally to the northwest by Colombia. The only South American countries that have a common border with Brazil are Chile and Ecuador. The country is bathed by the Atlantic Ocean along its coast, northeast, southeast and south. Besides the mainland, Brazil also has some major groups of islands in the Atlantic Ocean as the rocks of São Pedro and São Paulo, Fernando de Noronha (Pernambuco state territory), Trindade and Martim Vaz, the Holy Spirit, and a complex small islands and coral called Atol das Rocas (belonging to the state of Rio Grande do Norte). With its 8514 square 876.599 km in area, equivalent to 47% of South American territory, and with over 190 million inhabitants, the country has the fifth largest land area of the planet and the fifth most populous in the world. Brazil is the only country in the Portuguese-speaking Americas, and is one of the nations most multicultural and ethnically diverse in the world, the result of strong immigration from many countries.
The climate in Brazil has a wide variety of weather conditions over a large area and varied topography, but most of the country is tropical. Brazil hosts six major climatic subtypes: equatorial, tropical, semiarid, tropical altitude, temperate and subtropical regions. Different climatic conditions produce environments ranging from rain forests in the north and semiarid regions in the Northeast, to temperate coniferous forests in the south and tropical savannas in central Brazil. Many regions have completely different microclimates.
The large size of Brazil encompasses different ecosystems, such as the Amazon Rainforest, recognized as having the highest biodiversity in the world, the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado, which also support high biodiversity, as Brazil is recognized as a mega-diverse country. In the south, the forest of pines growing under temperate conditions. The rich wildlife of Brazil reflects the variety of natural habitats. Scientists estimate that the total number of plant and animal species in Brazil is approximately four million. Large mammals include pumas, jaguars, ocelots, rare vinegar dogs, foxes, peccaries, tapirs, anteaters, sloths, opossums, and armadillos. Deer are abundant in the south and many species of Platyrrhini are found in the rainforests of the north. Concern for the environment has grown in response to worldwide interest in environmental issues.Come meet this unique and wonderful country! Come to Brazil!
